EFFECT OF FINANCIAL STRESS ON BURNOUT AMONG FARMERS IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v8i3.1346Keywords:
financial stress, burnout, farmers, agricultureAbstract
The present-day dwindling economic conditions have affected every aspect of human functionality. Several authors have underscored the pattern and prospects of financial stress accompanying the current economic realities in Nigeria. However, little is known about the role of financial burden in farmer's fatigue. The present study examined financial stress as a scarcely explored variable that could predict burnout in a sample of farmers in Enugu state, Nigeria. One hundred and ninety-eight farmers were recruited for the study. They completed a self-report measure of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) developed by Maslach et al. (2018) and the Financial Stress Scale (FSS) developed by Northern et al. (2010). Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences SPSS, Version 23. The result of a linear regression indicated that financial stress statistically predicted farmers' burnout F (1,196), 21.36 P< .05 with an R2 of 118. In particular, the result revealed that financial stress accounted for about 11.8% of the variation in farmers' burnout. The finding offers valuable data to the psychologists and counselors who might be interested in improving farmers' resilience.
References
Abu, G. A. (2016). Analysis of factors affecting food security in rural and urban farming households of Benue State, Nigeria. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics, 4(1).
Adelaja, A., & George, J. (2019). Terrorism and land use in agriculture: The case of Boko Haram in Nigeria. Land Use Policy, 88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104116
Anigbogu, T. U., Agbasi, O. E., & Okoli, I. M. (2015). Socioeconomic factors influencing agricultural production among cooperative farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarems/v4-i3/1876
Anosike, F. U., Rekwot, G. Z., Owoshagba, O. B., Ahmed, S., & Atiku, J. A. (2020). Challenges of poultry production in Nigeria: A review. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 45(1). https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v45i1.335
Austin, O. C., Nwosu, A. C., & Baharuddin, A. H. (2011). Rising food insecurity: Dimensions in farm households. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.3844/ajabssp.2011.403.409
Bala, S. A., & Alhassan, A. (2017). Structural effect of oil price shocks and food importation on economic growth in Nigeria using SVAR model. International Business and Accounting Research Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.15294/ibarj.v2i1.30
Botha, N., & White, T. (2013). Distress and burnout among NZ dairy farmers Distress and burnout among NZ dairy farmers: research findings and policy recommendations. Extension Farming Systems Journal, 9(1).
Eze, S. C., & Chinedu-Eze, V. (2016). Agripreneurship curriculum development in Nigerian higher institutions. International Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship Research, 4(6). https://doi.org/10.37745/ejsber.vol4.no6.p53-66.2016
Giroh, D. Y., Tafida, A. A., Morris, L., & Marcus, G. K. (2021). Overcoming small holder farmers' financial exclusion using anchor borrowers' programme in Yola North and Yola South Local Government Areas, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Scientific Papers Series Management, Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development, 21(1).
Greig, B., Nuthall, P., & Old, K. (2020). An analysis of farmers' human characteristics as drivers of their anxiety. In Journal of Agromedicine (Vol. 25, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2019.1656692
Ikenwa, K. O., Sulaimon, A.-H. A., & Kuye, O. L. (2017). Transforming the Nigerian agricultural sector into an agribusiness model – the role of government, business, and society. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Economics and Business, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/auseb-2017-0005
Jones-Bitton, A., Hagen, B., Fleming, S. J., & Hoy, S. (2019). Farmer burnout in Canada. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245074
Kallioniemi, M. K., Simola, A., Kaseva, J., & Kymäläinen, H. R. (2016). Stress and burnout among Finnish dairy farmers. Journal of Agromedicine, 21(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2016.1178611
Leiter, M. P., & Maslach, C. (2016). Latent burnout profiles: A new approach to understanding the burnout experience. Burnout Research, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2016.09.001
Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (2018). Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. In Mind Garden, Inc.
Melberg, K. (2003). Farming, stress and psychological well-being: The case of Norwegian farm spouses. Sociologia Ruralis, 43(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00229
Metu, A. G., Okeyika, K. O., & Maduka, O. D. (2016). Achieving sustainable food security in Nigeria: challenges and way forward. 3rd International Conference on African Development Issues.
Njoku, A. (2018). Herdsmen-farmers clashes in Nigeria: implications for economic growth and national security. Asian Journal of Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities, 6(1).
Njoku, P. C. (2000). Nigerian agriculture and the challenges of the 21st century. Agro-Science, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.4314/as.v1i1.1459
Nkiru, M. (2006). Promoting human waste technology transfer as requirement for sustainability of crop production in Nigeria. 3rd International Ecological Sanitation Conference.
Northern, J. J., O'Brien, W. H., & Goetz, P. W. (2010). The development, evaluation, and validation of a financial stress scale for undergraduate students. Journal of College Student Development, 51(1). https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.0.0108
Nwanmereni, D. (2022). Stakeholder relations perspectives in managing Nigeria's rising crimes. Randwick International of Social Science Journal, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v3i1.366
Nwaogwugwu, I., & Evans, O. (2016). A sectoral analysis of fiscal and monetary actions in Nigeria. The Journal of Developing Areas, 50(4). https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2016.0162
Ogbanga, A. (2018). Agricultural development and employment generation in Nigeria. Allwell International Journal of Advanced Studies in Ecology, 5(1).
Ogbonnaya, O. (2003). Deforestation in Nigeria. Consequences and Solution'Nature Watch, December.
Ogwumike, F. O., & Akinnibosun, M. K. (2013). Determinants of poverty among farming households in Nigeria. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n2p365
Okongor, G., Njoku, C., Essoka, P., & Efiong, J. (2021). Climate variability and yam production: nexus and projections. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 37(2). https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.SJA/2021/37.2.406.418
Okoro, U. S., Omonona, B. T., & Ibok, O. W. (2016). Determinants of technical efficiency in irrigated ornamental plants production system of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. ISSN, 7(15).
Olajide, O. T., Akinlabi, B. H., & Tijani, a. a. (2010). Agriculture resource and economic growth in Nigeria. European Scientific Journal, 8(22).
Olaoye, J. O., & Rotimi, a. O. (2010). Measurement of agricultural mechanization index and analysis of agricultural productivity of farm settlements in Southwest Nigeria. Agric Eng Int: CIGR Journal, 12(1).
Onogwu, G. O., Audu, I. A., & Igbodor, F. O. (2017). Factors influencing agricultural productivity of smallholder farmers in Taraba State, Nigeria. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research (Vol. 6, Issue 1).
Reissig, L., Crameri, A., & von Wyl, A. (2019). Prevalence and predictors of burnout in Swiss farmers – Burnout in the context of the interrelation of work and household. Mental Health and Prevention, 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mph.2019.200157
SA'AD, S., & YAU, M. H. (2016). Oil resource curse syndrome: empirical evidence from Nigeria. Nile Journal of Business and Economics, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.20321/nilejbe.v2i2.50
Sadiq, M. S., Singh, I. P., Singh, N. K., & Yakubu, G. M. (2018). Improving efficiency and TFP of lowland paddy rice farmers in the Kwara State of Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Sciences - Sri Lanka, 13(2). https://doi.org/10.4038/jas.v13i2.8336
Salvagioni, D. A. J., Melanda, F. N., Mesas, A. E., González, A. D., Gabani, F. L., & De Andrade, S. M. (2017). Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies. In PLoS ONE (Vol. 12, Issue 10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185781
Simona, V. (2021). Agriculture in Nigeria - statistics and facts | Statista. Farming.
Sokoya, A. A., Alabi, A. O., & Fagbola, B. O. (2014). Farmers information literacy and awareness towards agricultural produce and food security: FADAMA III programs in Osun state Nigeria. IFLA World Library and Information Congress 2014.
Truchot, D., & Andela, M. (2018). Burnout and hopelessness among farmers: The Farmers Stressors Inventory. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 53(8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-018-1528-8
Udemezue., J. C., & Kanu., N. A. (2019). Challenges of Nigerian agricultural sector in the twenty-first century: the case of nomadic insurgence and terrorist sects. Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.13189/ujar.2019.070204
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
