Incidence of Predators and Anthropogenic Activities Affecting Beekeeping in Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v7i2.959Keywords:
Apiary, predators, pestsAbstract
This study evaluated the incidence of predators and anthropogenic activities affecting beekeeping in Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered in Oyo, Ogun and Osun States in the Forest Vegetation and Kaduna, Niger and Kano States in the Savanah vegetation zones of Nigeria. Data obtained were analyzed with parametric statistical tool of mean. The result showed that the largest populations of beekeepers were Bachelor Degree and National Certificate in Education NCE holders (25.0% each), MSc (8%), National Diploma ND (8%) and Postgraduate Diploma PGD (9%). Assessment of human activities that were harmful to beekeeping identified by respondents in the forest vegetation zones revealed indiscriminate use of pesticide (16.67%), theft (33.33%) and herdsmen activity (cattle rearing) (31.82%) while savannah vegetation zones had the following record, indiscriminate use of pesticide (25.00%), theft (35.33%) and herdsmen activity (35.71%). Avoidance of scattering honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) combs around the apiary was found as the most effective method in preventing spread of insect pests. Other methods include: hive sanitation, hive positioning, handpicking of insects, the use of spent engine oil, regular weeding, fencing of apiary and use of bee pen. The hives painted with green coloured paint was reported by respondent to control wasp, spider, termites and lesser wax moth. Beekeepers reported weeding as the most effective method used in controlling predators as it was noted that apiaries regularly weeded controlled the following predators with their respective incidence level: rat (8.33%), snake (12.50%), toad (29.7%), frog (20.83%) and ghecko (37.50%) while the most significant was lizard incidence which was 54.17%. Report from respondents on traditional methods to detect apiary problems categorized into predator and human activities include: decreasing size of colony, majority of bees staying outside the hive, sighting of pests in the apiary and abscondment of bees while human interference was noticed with dead bees found in and outside the hive, inactive bees, trace of burnt grasses and shrubs in the apiary and felled hives from stands.
References
Akunne, C.E. (2015) The Rudiments of Beekeeping. Divine Press and Publishers, Awka, Nigeria, pp. 52.
Barassa, P. (2005) Assessment of farmers’ awareness and perceptions on local control methods of pests and diseases in Agro-forestry system of Budongo sub-county, Masindi district, Uganda Journal of Agricultural science pp 520-529.
Desalegn, B. (2006). Occurrence of small hive beetle (Aethinatumida Murray; Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in honeybee (A.mellifera L.) in Ethiopia. Ethiopian veterinary journal 2006, 10(2): 101-110. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Desalegn, B. and Yosef, K. (2005). Survey of Honeybee pests and pathogens in Addis Ababa Region.5th Proceedings of Annual Conference of Ethiopian Beekeeping Association. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Geiger F, Bengtsson J., Berendse, F., Weisser, WW., Emmerson, M., Morales, MB., Ceryngier, P., Liira, J., Tscharntke, T., Winqvist, C., Eggers, S., Bommarco, R., Pärt, T., Bretagnolle, V., Plantegenest, M., Clement, LW., Dennis, C., Palmer, C., Oñate, J.J., Guerrero, I., Hawro, V., Aavik, T., Thies, C., Flohre, A., Hänke, S., Fischer, C., Goedhart, P.W. AndInchausti, P. (2010). Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland. Basic Appl. Ecol 11:97–105.
Lawal A. A., Oyerinde A. A., Asala S. W. and Anjorin T. S. (2020). The incidence and management of pest affecting honeybees in Nigeria. Global journal of Bio-science and biotechnology pp 40-44.
Nakamura, J., Gikungu, M. W., Kano, Y., Hanzawa, K., Gichora, M., Morimoto, Y., Ogawa, H., Fujiyosi, H. and Udagawa, R, (2009). Development of Beekeeping in Developing Countries and Practical Procedures, Case Study in Africa .JAICAF, Japan. www.jaicaf.or.jp/English/bee_en.pdf18(12)
Pirk C.W., Strauss U., Yusuf A.A., Démares F. and Human H. (2015). Honeybee health in Africa A review. Apidologie. ;47:276–300. doi: 10.1007/s13592-015-0406-6.
Plettner, E., Eliash, N., Singh, N.K., Pinnelli, G.R. andSoroker, V. (2017). The chemical ecology of host-parasite interaction as a target of Varroa destructor control agents. Apidologie. ;48:78–92. doi: 10.1007/s13592-016-0452-8.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Terms & Condition
Submission -
Author can submit the manuscript through our online submission process or email us at the designated email id in contact details.
The other mode of submission not accepted than online and email.
Before submission please read the submission guidelines.
NN Publication accepts only article submitted in pdf/doc/docx/rtf file format. Another format except given file formats will no be considered .
Author will be responsible for the error mistakes in the submission files. The minor changes can be done without any cost after publication. But for major changes NN Publication may charges you the editing charges.
Publication (Online) -
The online publication is scheduled on last date of every month, but it can be delayed by 24 to 48 hours due to editorial process if huge number of articles comes to publish in single issue.
Automatic notificatation email will be sent to the all users on publication of an issue, so its author’s duty to check their email inbox or SPAM folder to get this notification.
After publication of article author can not withdraw their article.
If editor’s found any issue after publication of article then the NN Publication have the authority to remove the article from online website.
No refund will be provided after online publication of article.
Publication (Print) -
The print copy publication are sent as per the author’s request after 2 weeks of online publication of that issue.
NN Publication will ship the article by India Post and provide the consignment number on dispatch of print copy.
NN Publication follows all the guidelines of delivery provided by IndiaPost and hence not responsible for delay in delivery due to any kind of reasons.
Refund of hard copy will not be provided after dispatch or print of the journal.
NN Publication will be responsible for raise a complain if there is any issue occurs in delivery, but still will not be responsible for providing the refund.
NN Publication will be responsible to resend the print copy only and only if the print copy is lost or print copy is damaged in delivery / or there is delay more than 6 months.
According to India Post the delivery should be completed with in 1-3 weeks after dispatch of articles.
Privacy Policy-
NN Publicationl uses the email ids of authors and editors and readers for sending editorial or publication notification only, we do not reveal or sell the email ids to any other website or company.
